Adenoidectomy is a surgical procedure to remove an adenoid or gland behind the nose. Adenoids function to protect the body from bacteria that enter through the nose and mouth. Adenoids also produce antibodies that are useful for fighting infections.
Adenoids are only found in infants and children aged 1-7 years. This important role of adenoids will eventually end with age, where the body is able to fight infections better. Adenoid tissue will shrink and disappear by itself when the child is more than 7 years old.
If the adenoid glands swell, the doctor will consider an adenoidectomy. Adenoidectomy aims to overcome nasal obstruction and improve sleep quality in children. This procedure can also improve the child's voice quality and overcome the discomfort in his ears due to a buildup of fluid in the middle ear.
Adenoidectomy Indications
The doctor will consider adenoidectomy if:
- The adenoid glands enlarge or swell so that they close the respiratory tract.
- Recurrent middle ear infections (otitis media), in children aged 3-4 years.
- Chronic or chronic sinusitis.
Adenoidectomy Warning
Adenoidectomy is only done in pediatric patients and is rarely performed in adults. Before starting the procedure, parents must accompany the child and it is advisable to consult with your doctor about the procedure, benefits, risks, and complications that may occur.
Adenoidectomy Preparation
The doctor will check the child's health history before adenoidectomy, and conduct laboratory tests.
During the preparation for adenoidectomy, parents are encouraged to provide support and attention to the child. Encourage children to talk, play, sing, put to sleep while hugging them, or tell stories that make them comfortable. Keep children from fear and anxiety.
Give your child food intake and healthy and nutritious drinks, last 6 hours before surgery. If the adenoidectomy is performed in the morning, then the child's stomach must still be filled the night before.
Avoid children from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), such as ibuprofen and naproxen, a week before surgery. If the child has a cold, sore throat, cough, and fever, tell the doctor. The doctor can delay the procedure for several weeks, until the child's condition improves.
Adenoidectomy Procedure
Adenoidectomy procedures generally last for 30-45 minutes. The doctor will start the procedure by giving an anesthetic injection. This injection will make the child sleep soundly.
Doctors have a variety of techniques for removing adenoids, including:
- Cold surgical techniques. This is the most conventional and standard adenoid removal technique. This technique is done by curette or scrape adenoids with medical devices.
- Electrocautery with a Bovie suction device. The doctor will cauterize or burn the network with special electrical devices. Then clean up the surgical area, including sucking up the remaining blood and freezing it, using a Bovie suction device.
- Coblation. This technique does not use heat energy to destroy tissue, but rather radio waves.
- Laser. Removing tissue using a laser beam, but this technique is avoided because it can cause scars on the nasopharynx or the back of the nasal cavity and the back of the oral cavity.
During the surgical procedure, the patient's heart condition will be monitored through a monitor to see the electrical activity of the heart, as well as an oximeter to see oxygen levels in the blood.
After adenoidectomy
Most patients are allowed to go home after undergoing the procedure. However, doctors still need to monitor the patient's condition for 4-5 hours after the procedure.
After adenoidectomy, patients will usually experience nausea because the anesthesia has not completely disappeared. For several weeks after adenoidectomy, children can experience fever, sore throat, snoring, breathing through the mouth, and the appearance of sores in the mouth.
Increase fluid intake so that the body is hydrated, to prevent sore throat. Ice bags can also be used to relieve pain and swelling by placing them around a child's neck.
During the healing period, avoid giving children food that is hot, hard, crunchy, and spicy. To relieve sore throat, choose foods and drinks such as pudding, soft chicken or beef, soft-cooked cooked vegetables, fruit juice, yogurt, or ice cream.
Make sure the child rests a lot and does not do heavy and tiring activities, during the first week after surgery. Consult your doctor about the right time for the child to return to school and play.
Adenoidectomy Risk
Adenoidectomy rarely poses a risk. However, if it occurs, it can be fever, swelling or redness of the eyes and nose, excessive or sudden bleeding from the nose, and headaches that do not heal despite taking medication from a doctor. Consult your doctor about these risks before agreeing to this procedure.
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